01 / Global climate explorer
Compare temperatures, precipitation and long-term climate indicators across countries and decades.
02 / Global overview
A concise view of the most important global climate records and long-term changes.
01
+1.23 °C
Long-term change
Warming since the 1880s
2016–2025 average compared with 1880–1889.
Source: NASA GISS/GISTEMP v4
02
2024
+1.29 °C
Warmest year recorded
Highest annual global temperature anomaly relative to the 1951–1980 baseline.
Source: NASA GISS/GISTEMP v4
03
+1.19 °C
2025
Latest annual anomaly
Global surface-temperature anomaly registered for 2025.
Source: NASA GISS/GISTEMP v4
04
2016–2025
+1.02 °C
Warmest 10-year period
Highest consecutive 10-year average anomaly relative to 1951–1980.
Source: NASA GISS/GISTEMP v4
03 / Country comparisons
Compare countries using consistent, area-weighted temperature and precipitation measurements.
01
Highest area-weighted annual mean surface temperature.
2025
01
Mali
MLI
29.6 °C
02
Burkina Faso
BFA
29.2 °C
03
Djibouti
DJI
29.1 °C
04
United Arab Emirates
ARE
28.9 °C
05
Senegal
SEN
28.5 °C
06
Niger
NER
28.4 °C
07
Oman
OMN
28.3 °C
08
Benin
BEN
28.3 °C
09
Mauritania
MRT
28.2 °C
10
South Sudan
SSD
28.2 °C
02
Lowest area-weighted annual mean surface temperature.
2025
01
Greenland
GRL
-16.6 °C
02
Canada
CAN
-2.5 °C
03
Russia
RUS
-2.3 °C
04
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
SGS
-0.1 °C
05
Mongolia
MNG
2.2 °C
06
Heard Island and McDonald Islands
HMD
2.4 °C
07
Norway
NOR
2.5 °C
08
Kyrgyzstan
KGZ
2.5 °C
09
Tajikistan
TJK
2.6 °C
10
Iceland
ISL
2.9 °C
03
Highest area-weighted annual precipitation.
2025
01
Papua New Guinea
PNG
4,152 mm
02
Solomon Islands
SLB
4,109 mm
03
Philippines
PHL
3,683 mm
04
Indonesia
IDN
3,662 mm
05
Panama
PAN
3,522 mm
06
Brunei
BRN
3,512 mm
07
Colombia
COL
3,460 mm
08
Costa Rica
CRI
3,314 mm
09
Samoa
WSM
3,284 mm
10
Ecuador
ECU
3,272 mm
04
Lowest area-weighted annual precipitation.
2025
01
Egypt
EGY
6 mm
02
Libya
LBY
17 mm
03
United Arab Emirates
ARE
19 mm
04
Oman
OMN
27 mm
05
Bahrain
BHR
43 mm
06
Saudi Arabia
SAU
51 mm
07
Mauritania
MRT
56 mm
08
Qatar
QAT
59 mm
09
Algeria
DZA
65 mm
10
Niger
NER
71 mm
Source: Copernicus ERA5, processed by Our World in Data. Country values are latitude-weighted estimates within administrative land boundaries. Values for very small countries may be less reliable because of the spatial resolution of the underlying ERA5 grid.
04 / Long-term change
Follow how major climate indicators have changed over time.
Annual global surface-temperature change relative to the 1951–1980 average.
1880–2025
Each value shows how much warmer or cooler the global average temperature was compared with NASA's 1951–1980 average. A value of +1 °C means that year was about 1 °C warmer than the baseline, while negative values indicate cooler years. The annual values show year-to-year variability, while the 5-year average smooths short-term fluctuations and makes the longer-term warming trend easier to see.
Annual anomaly
5-year average
Record year
Source: NASA GISS Surface Temperature Analysis, version 4. The smoothing line is a trailing five-year average.
Temperature anomalies are used instead of absolute temperatures because they make measurements from different locations and periods easier to compare consistently over time.
